How do I get started on building a pond?
First, decide on the location. Do you want the pond to be viewable from a window? Where do you plan to site and enjoy your pond? You may want to plan your pond near a patio, deck or porch, so you can sit comfortable and enjoy it. Try to place your pond in a sunny location, and remember, too many deciduous trees will mean lots of leaves to skim from your pond each fall. It is optimal to have at least 6 or more hours of sunlight in the location of your pond. Get an idea how the shape and size of your pond will look by using orange spray marking paint or a string. Think about whether a pre-formed rigid pond will work for your design, or if you need a flexible pond liner to do what you want.
Should I design a large, or small pond?
The size of your pond will be based partly on your budget and space, but the pond should also fit the rest of the landscape. For instance, you don't want a pond taking up half of a small back yard. Keep in mind that many people who build smaller ponds wish they would have built the pond larger, because the pond size limits the number of fish and plants you can successfully stock in your pond. Many people end up expanding onto their smaller pond by adding a second, or third adjoining pond.
Should use a liner or a preformed pond?
If you go with a pond liner, you will not be limited as so size, shape and depth of your pond. If you are using a preformed pond, you are limited o the sizes and shapes available. A good pond liner is as durable as a good-quality rigid fiberglass pond form, and will cost much less. You may also choose to use a preformed pond above ground (build up dirt around it), to use as a spillway into a larger pond built with a liner.
Which preformed ponds are better -- fiberglass or plastic?
Fiberglass preformed pond are the highest quality, and will be more durable. The cost is higher, but the extra support of a fiberglass pond may be essential of you are planning an above-ground pond where support is more important. Plastic ponds also run more of a risk of developing cracks.
What type of liner is best -- rubber or PVC?
A good quality 45-mil liner is the choice for most pond designers. The rubber liner maintains its flexibility in a wide range of temperatures, which makes it superior to PVC liners, that can get stiff in cold weather. Rubber liners are also more resistant to breakdown due to sun exposure. PVC may become brittle over time.
Is pond depth important?
Depth is very important. A typical pond should be 18-24 inches deep if you plan to stock the pond with goldfish and water plants. Some varieties of water plants, such as water lilies, prefer a water depth of 10-20 inches above the plant soil. If you plan to stock your pond with koi, the depth should be at least 3 feet to maintain proper water conditions. Also, deeper areas provide more safety for fish to hide from birds of prey.
Should my pond be located in sun or shade?
Most importantly, the pond should be in a good location where you can enjoy it the most. However, if the pond gets at least 6 hours of sun exposure, the plants will grow better and produce better blooms. If you must locate your pond in a shady area, you can find water plants available that will tolerate shade. Fish will do fine in either condition, but do enjoy the warm sun, especially in colder climates.
Should I add rocks to the bottom of my pond?
Rocks added to the bottom of a pond will conceal the liner and add a more natural look, but they will hinder cleaning of the pond. A smooth liner is much easier to maintain in the long run. However, if you are designing a large pond where you will have to walk around to prune plants, etc., a slick bottom liner will be dangerous.
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